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A vessel contains 1000 kg of a liquid with a specific heat capacity 4.0 kJ kg-1 K-1. The vessel is heated with steam at 393 K which is fed to a coil immersed in the stirred liquid. The surface area of the coil is 0.5 m2 , and the overall heat transfer coefficient to the liquid is 600 W m-2 K-1. Heat is lost from the external surface of the vessel to its surroundings, which is at 293 K. The external surface area of the vessel is 6 m2 , and the heat transfer coefficient to the surroundings is 10 W m-2 K-1 . (a) What is the maximum temperature to which the liquid can be heated? [5 marks] (b) How long does it take to heat the liquid from 293 K to 353 K? [15 marks] (c) When the liquid temperature has reached 353 K, the steam supply is turned off for 2 hours, and the vessel cools. If the steam supply is then turned back on again directly after this cooling period, how long will it take to reheat the liquid to 353 K?
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![A vessel contains 1000 kg of a liquid with a specific heat capacity 4.0 kJ kg-1 K-1. The vessel is heated with steam at 393 K which is fed to a coil immersed in the stirred liquid. The surface area of the coil is 0.5 m2 , and the overall heat transfer coefficient to the liquid is 600 W m-2 K-1. Heat is lost from the external surface of the vessel to its surroundings, which is at 293 K. The external surface area of the vessel is 6 m2 , and the heat transfer coefficient to the surroundings is 10 W m-2 K-1 . (a) What is the maximum temperature to which the liquid can be heated? [5 marks] (b) How long does it take to heat the liquid from 293 K to 353 K? [15 marks] (c) When the liquid temperature has reached 353 K, the steam supply is turned off for 2 hours, and the vessel cools. If the steam supply is then turned back on again directly after this cooling period, how long will it take to reheat the liquid to 353 K?](https://numengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-10-190730.png)
Heat transfer question
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